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javascript - 將 Nest.js 應用作為簡單的 Express 中介軟體導入


我有一個 Nestjs 應用程式(一個 Rest API),我想把它作為一個簡單的 Express 中介軟體(而不是 Nest 中介軟體)導入到另一個 node 模組中。實際上,我仍然無法使它運作。

// main.ts  
// => The main file of my Nest app, this one is working properly.

import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
import { AppModule } from './app.module';

async function bootstrap() {
  const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule);
  await app.listen(3000);
}
bootstrap();

// app.middleware.ts

import {Injectable, NestMiddleware} from '@nestjs/common';
import {NestFactory} from '@nestjs/core';
import {AppModule} from './app.module';
import {ExpressAdapter} from '@nestjs/platform-express';
import express, {Request, Response} from 'express';

const bootstrap = async () => {
  const expressApp = express();
  const adapter = new ExpressAdapter(expressApp);
  const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule, adapter);
  await app.init();
  return app;
};

@Injectable()
export class AppMiddleware implements NestMiddleware {
  use(req: Request, res: Response, next: Function) {
    return bootstrap();
  }
}
// express-app.ts  
// => Here I'm trying to load my app through a simple Express middleware, but it doesn't works.

import express from 'express';
import { AppMiddleware } from './app.middleware';

const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;

app.use((req, res, next) => {
  const app = new AppMiddleware().use(req, res, next);
  app.then(next);
});

app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`app running on port ${PORT}`);
});

當我從 main.ts 運行我的應用程式時,它運作正常(所有路由都能使用,並且我獲得了正確的資料)。但是,當我嘗試透過 express-app.ts 運行應用程式時,所有路由似乎都能運作(它們會顯示在終端中),但無論如何,我得到的都是這個錯誤,而不是返回 JSON 物件:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Error</title>
</head>

<body>
    <pre>[object Object]</pre>
</body>

</html>

Nest 組件版本:

- @nestjs/common: "^6.10.14"
- @nestjs/core: "^6.10.14"
- @nestjs/platform-express: "^6.10.14"
- express: "^4.16.4"

答案#1

雖然我不認可將 Nest 作為中介軟體本身來使用,但這是可行的。使用 nest new express-server -p npm 的基本設置來創建新的 NestJS 應用,並使用 src/server.ts 設置一個小型的 express 服務器,我能夠使以下代碼工作。

app.middleware.ts

import { Injectable, NestMiddleware } from '@nestjs/common';
import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
import { ExpressAdapter } from '@nestjs/platform-express';
import { AppModule } from './app.module';

const bootstrap = async (express: Express.Application) => {
  const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule, new ExpressAdapter(express));
  await app.init();
  return app;
}

@Injectable()
export class AppMiddleware implements NestMiddleware {

  constructor(private expressInstance: Express.Application) {}

  use(req: any, res: any, next: () => void) {
    console.log('In Nest middleware');
    return bootstrap(this.expressInstance);
  }
}

app.controller.ts

import { Controller, Get } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppService } from './app.service';

@Controller()
export class AppController {
  constructor(private readonly appService: AppService) {}

  @Get()
  getHello(): string {
    return this.appService.getHello();
  }
}

app.service.ts

import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

@Injectable()
export class AppService {
  getHello(): string {
    return 'Hello World!';
  }
}

app.module.ts

import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';

@Module({
  imports: [],
  controllers: [AppController],
  providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}

server.ts

import * as express from 'express';

import { AppMiddleware } from './app.middleware';

const app = express();

app.use((req, res, next) => {
  const nest = new AppMiddleware(app).use(req, res, next);
  nest.then(() => {
    next();
  }).catch(err => {
    console.log(JSON.stringify(err));
    next();
  });
});

app.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Listening on port 3000');
});

建置指令

npm run build
mapped to nest build

開始指令

node dist/server.js

測試指令

▶ curl http://localhost:3000
Hello World!

主控台日誌

Listening on port 3000
In Nest middleware
[Nest] 24235   - 02/18/2020, 8:05:44 PM   [NestFactory] Starting Nest application...
[Nest] 24235   - 02/18/2020, 8:05:44 PM   [InstanceLoader] AppModule dependencies initialized +15ms
[Nest] 24235   - 02/18/2020, 8:05:44 PM   [RoutesResolver] AppController {/}: +3ms
[Nest] 24235   - 02/18/2020, 8:05:44 PM   [RouterExplorer] Mapped {/, GET} route +2ms
[Nest] 24235   - 02/18/2020, 8:05:44 PM   [NestApplication] Nest application successfully started +2ms

記住幾件事:

1) 使用這種方法,除非你緩存你的 Nest 伺服器,否則你會在每次請求時建立一個新的 Nest 伺服器,隨著你在 Nest 方面的發展,這只會讓你的專案變得更慢。

2) 你也可以將現有的 Express 伺服器傳給 ExpressAdapter,就像你在現有程式碼中部分做的那樣,並從 Nest 的 app.listen() 函式啟動伺服器。只要確保移除任何錯誤處理中介軟體,因為它會開始與 Nest 處理回應的方式發生衝突。你應該將這些函式移到 ExceptionFilters。

3) 你在 app.middleware 中的一個錯誤是,你不僅在每次調用時創建了一個新的 Nest 實例,還創建了一個新的 express 實例,這可能真的會讓 node 伺服器感到困惑。

4) 如果你想知道,出現為 [Object object] 的錯誤其實是一個標準的 Express 錯誤 Cannot GET /。不知道為什麼它會被奇怪地序列化,但在 catch 裡使用 JSON.stringify() 幫助解決了這個問題。

總體而言,我不建議這種方法但是這是可行的。

答案#2

@Etienne 你的 bootstrap 函數實際上沒問題,你可以直接在 express-app.ts 中使用它。優點:

  • 每個請求不建立新的 Nest 實例
  • 每個 Express 應用的獨立配置

app.middleware.ts

import {NestFactory} from '@nestjs/core';
import {AppModule} from './app.module';
import {ExpressAdapter} from '@nestjs/platform-express';
import express from 'express';

export const bootstrap = async () => {
  const expressApp = express();
  const adapter = new ExpressAdapter(expressApp);
  const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule, adapter);
  await app.init();
  return app;
};

express-app.ts

import express from 'express';
import { bootstrap } from './app.middleware';

const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;

bootstrap().then(expressApp => {
  app.use(expressApp);

  app.listen(PORT, () => {
    console.log(`app running on port ${PORT}`);
  });
});